Lise Patureau Professeur d'Economie PSL - Université Paris-Dauphine, LEDa Professor PSL – University Paris-Daphine, LEDa Place du Maréchal de Lattre de Tassign   ,   lise.patureau@dauphine.psl.eu             JEL Areas: E2 : Macroeconomics: Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment: General (includes Measurement and Data) F4 : Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance: General