Ibrahim Fatnassi GEF-2A Lab, High Institue of Management, University of Tunis, Tunis   41, Avenue de Liberté Bardo, Tunis 2000 Tunisia   ibrahim.fatnassi@isg.rnu.tn             JEL Areas: E5 : Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit: General F3 : International Finance: General