Ouidad Yousfi MRM University of Montpellier   IUT MONTPELLIER - SÈTE CC 411 - 99 avenue d'Occitanie Montpellier Cedex 5, Hérault 34296 France   ouidad.yousfi@umontpellier.fr   https://sites.google.com/site/ouidadyousfi/           JEL Areas: G1 : General Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data) E5 : Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit: General