First Author:   Amar Iqbal Anwar Shannon School of Business, Cape Breton University, Canada amar_anwar@cbu.ca   1250 Grand Lake Rd, Cape Breton University Sydney, B1P 6L2, Canada   +1 902 563 1833(Phone) +1 902 563 1833(Fax) Second Author: Mazhar Mughal Centre d''Analyse Théorique et Traitement des Données Economiques, Université de Pau mayher.yasinmughal@univ-pau.fr   , France.