Thiédjé Gaudens-Omer Kouakou University Alassane Ouattara   Kouakou Omer s/c Institut Universitaire d'Abidjan Abidjan, --- Select One --- 01 BP 12159 Côte d'Ivoire   omerkouakou77@yahoo.fr             JEL Areas: O3 : Technological Change; Research and Development: General O4 : Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity: General