Nobuhiro Hobara Graduated Scholl, Tokyo University of Social Welfare   3-4-5 Wada, Suginami-Ku. Tokyo-to, Japan Suginami-ku, Tokyo-to 166-0012 Japan   nohobara@ed.tokyo-fukushi.ac.jp             JEL Areas: E0 : Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics: General E2 : Macroeconomics: Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment: General (includes Measurement and Data)